Electromagnetic switch.



W. M. SCOTT.

ELECTROMAGNETIC SWITCH.

' APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15 1910. 1,097,679. Patented May 26, 1914.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

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APPLICATION FILED JUNE 15, 1910.

Patented May 26, 1914.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

1 1 INVENTOR A TTORNEY WILLIAM M. SCOTT, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

ELECTROMAGNETIC SWITCH.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed June 15, 1910; Serial No. 566,919.

Patented May 26, 1914.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, WILLIAM M. Soon, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Electromagnetic Switch, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to electro-magnetically controlled or actuated switches or circuit breakers, and particularly 'to switches or circuit breakers which may be controlled from a more or less remote point, as in remote control systems.

My invention resides in an electric switch or automatic circuit breaker which may be electro-lnagnetically controlled or actuated, as by an electro-magnet or solenoid or motor, in combination with means for preventing repeated closure of the switch or circuit breaker, during the existence or continuanceof the abnormal or predetermined electrical condition to which the switch or breaker has responded, when the circuit controlling or energizing the electro-inagnetic actuating means for the switch or circuit breaker is held closed, as at a distant station. In apparatus of this class which is not pro vided with the means aforementioned, if the abnormal or predetermined circuit condition, in response to which the switch or circuit breaker has opened or otherwise operated,'continues, and the control or energizing circuit of the switch or circuit breaker operating means is maintained-closed, the switch or breaker will bebrought toward normal position very quickly and promptly by the electro-magnetic actuating or'operating means, and the switch or breakerwill immediately be tripped again, the electromagnetic actuating or operating means will again immediately move it toward normal position,

and so on, the frequency of the 'action being great in the case where electromagnet or solenoid actuation is provided,

with the result that the switch or breaker is opened and closed in rapid succession, which action, if allowed to continue, would dam-j age or wreck the apparatus.

By'my apparatus herein dBSCllbQd' andillustrative of one of the forms my invention may take, the operator at the control switch, which may be more or less remote, must first move the control switch to a posi tion which will energize an electro-magnet or solenoid, which may function also as a frequent alternate opening and closmg of v the switch or breaker is prevented, inasmuch as the trip coil must in each instance be first energized, before the electro-magnetic operatlng or actuating means is energized to aga n move the breaker or switch to. normal posltlon.

My invention resides in apparatus of the type above referred to; and it resides in means forindicating at a distant control point various conditions of the switch or cir cuit breaker; and my invention resides in other features hereinafter described and claimed, Y

For an illustration of oneof the forms my invention may take, reference is to be had to the" accompanying drawings, in

-which Figure 1 is a side elevational view, partly 1n section, of anautomatic circuit breaker equipped with electro-magnetic operating or actuating means. Fig. 2 is a side elevational view, on enlarged scale, of the switch which cotipera'tes in preventing the buzzing action. Fig. 3 is a front elevational view of the switch shown in Fig. 2 with parts of cooperating controlling -0i'""'actu-, at1ng-means. Fig. 4 is a rear elevational.

view, lookin'g from the left toward the right, of the loca'rlizing switch, Fig 5 is a diagrammaticyiew illustrating the, circuit a!- rangements a iidfconnections which may be employed to carryout my invention.

In the drawings, a base 1 of insulating material, has secured thereon the main terminal-bl'ocks 2 and 3 with which communicate, respectively, the studs 4 and 5 serv-' ing as electrical connections thereto. The terminals 2"and3 are adapted to be bridged by the movable contact member 6, here rep resenting a laminated bridging member, which is supported upon the arm 7 pivoted at 8 to the housing or bracket 9 secured upon the base 1. Secured upon and in electrical communication with the terminalblock 2 are the intermediate stationary metallic shunt contact 10 and the stationary shunt carbon contact 11 pivoted at 12 to the bracket 13. Coiiperatingwith the shimt 2 eonora contact 10 is the movable shunt contact 14, and with the carbon shunt contact 11 cooperates the movable carbon shunt contact 15, the contacts 14 and 15 being supported bv the member 16 upon the arm 7 and connected by conductor 17 with the lower stationary terminal 3.

A roller 18 is pivoted at 19 to the arm 7, and with the roller 18 engages the surface of the cam 20 upon the operating member 21 pivoted to the housing 9- at 22 and having the outward extension 23. A spring 24, under tension in the position shown in Fig. 1, is connected at its one end to the member 21 and at its other end to the arm 7. I

Pivoted to the ear 25, on the housing 9, at 26 is the latch 27 adapted to engage the roller 28 carried in the extension 29 on the member 23 to lock the parts in circuit closing position, as shown in Fig. 1. Pivoted at 26 is the latch actuating member 30 having the tail 31 disposed in the path of travel of the member 32, pivoted to the base at 33 and carrying the armature 34 of an electro-mag net, of any suitable form, as 34*, Fig. 5, whose energizing coil or winding is responsive to any predetermined electrical condition in the circuit including the termi nals 2 and 3 and the bridging member 6, or in any other circuit. As here shown by way of example merely, the electro-magnet is an overload magnet for tripping the switch or breaker when the current in its circuit exceeds a predetermined magnitude.

Secured upon the base 1 is the solenoid jacket or housing 35, of magnetic material, such as iron. Associated therewith are the two solenoid windings 36 and 37, the former of which may be styled the trip coil and the latter the operating or actuating coil or winding. Disposed within the coil 36 is the core 38, of iron or other magnetiza-ble material, and cooperating therewith is the armature 39 pivoted to the housing at 40, and pivoted at 41 to the vertically extending member 42, means for adjusting the length of the rod 42 being shown at 44. The member 42 is slotted at 43 approximate its upper end, the slot embracing pin 43 on the latch actuator 30. By this means, when armature 39 is attracted downwardly, latch 27 is actuated to trip the breaker; but when armature 34 operates, member 42 and armature 39 are not moved. The armature 39 together with member 42 is held in, the raised or unattracted position by spring 39 which is overcome when the armature -39 is attracted, the movement being limited by a stop screw 40 The core 38 for the electro-magnet whose winding is 36 is screw threadedas shown at 45 and fills the central opening in the transversely extending portion 46 of the housing 35. Beneath the plug 47 of magnetizable material, is disposed the motive winding 37, above referred to, and

within the same is disposed the solenoid core 48 which carries at its lower end a buifer 49 adapted to rest upon the stirrup 50 supported on the under side of the housing 35. By pin 51-the core 48 is pivoted to the links 52, extending upwardly outside and one on each side of the housing 35. In the upper end of each of the links 52 is a longitudinally extending slot 53 through which extends a pin 54 carried on the inner end of the lever 55 pivoted at 56 to the housing 35.

On the front of the housing 35, and insulated therefrom by material 58 is a base 57 supporting the switch which cotiperates in preventing the buzzing action hereinbefore referred to. This switch is shown to best advantage in Figs. 2 and 3, and consists of the terminals 59 and 60 mounted upon the base 57 and insulated from each other and in the path of travel of the switch blades 61 and 62, respectively. Another pair of stationary switch contacts 63 and 64 are mounted upon the base 57 and insuila'ted from each other and disposed in the paths of travel of the switch blades 65 and 66, respectively. The switch blades 61, 62 and 65, 66 may all be in electrical communication with each other, or the switch blades 61 and 62 may be in electrical communication with each, other but insulated from switch blades '65 and 66 which are in electrical communication with each other. These switch blades are rigidly mechanically connected to each other as by the tie member 67, the switch blades being pivoted upon the transversely extending pin 68 supported in the brackets 69, mounted upon the base 57. Vrapped around the pivot pin 68 is a spiral spring 70 having an extension 71 engaging the base 57 and whose ends 72 engage on the under sides of the switch blades 65 and 66. The four switch blades being mechanically connected as described,

are provided with a crank-like member 73 secured to them and disposed in the path of travel of the roller 74 pivoted at 75 upon a lug 76 upon the lever 55.

A latching or looking member 77 is pivoted at 78 in the bracket 79 carried by the base 57, the member 77 being provided with the lug or projection 79 adapted to engage the under side of the tie member 67 to hold the parts in the position shown in Fig. 2 in opposition to spring 70. The projection 80 serves as a stop for the tie member 67. The latching member 77 is urged in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 2, by the spring 81 coiled about its pivot 78 and engaging with its other end upon the bottom of the bracket 79. To the left of the pivot 78, as viewed in Fig. 2, the latching member 77 has a projection or tail 82 disposed in the path of travel of the vertically extending rod 83 pivoted at 84 to the armature 39 of the electro-magnet whose winding is 36. At the outer end of lever 55 there is pivoted at 85 a rod 86 pivoted at 87 to the operating member 23 of the circuit breaker or switch.

Pivoted at 88 to the stirrup 50 is the lever 89 supported at its free end by the spring 90, whose upper end is connected to the housing 35. Extending across the free end of the lever 89 is'the brid ing contact 91 adapted to engage and bri ge the contacts 92 and 93 which are yieldi the action of the springs 94, t e contacts 92 and 93 being insulated from each' other. The pin 51 upon the solenoid core 48 is adapted to engage the lever 89 and depress the same in opposition to spring 90 to hold the bridging contact 91 away from the contacts 92 and.93 when the parts are in the position shown in- Fig. 1.

At the back of the base or switchboard 1 are mounted two electrical contacts 97 and 98, adapted to be bridged and brought into electrical communication with each other by the member 96 which is pressed by a spring 96 toward such bridging position. A rod 95 extends through the switchboard and engages the under side of the contact blade 96 and extends into the path of travel of the main bridging'member 6. W hen the bridging member 6 is in circuit" closing position as shown in Fig.. 1, the rod 95 has moved the member 96 away from contact with contact 98 in opposition to spring 96.

When the main switch or circuit breaker opens, the spring 96 forces the member 96 into engagement with contact 98 and, simultaneously, pushes the rod 95 toward the right, as viewed in Fig. 1. As the bridging resented by conductors 2 and 3, independent of the circuit represented by conductors 99 and 100, or being included in the same circuit or system, as, for example, intervening between a generator or other device and the conductors 99 and 100. The operators switch is shown at D at a point more or less remote, according. to circumstances, from the switch or circuit breaker and its associated apparatus. This operators switch comprises the lever 101:pivoted at 102 and carrying the contacts 103 and 104 which are electricall connected with each other and with the lever 101, end which are adaptedto engage the'stationary contacts 105 and 106, respectively. The contact 105 is con-.

in virtue of system is sufliciently low. An indicating.

lamp 111 and a resistance 112 (it being understood that the resistance 112 may. be omitted when the voltage of the system is sufliciently low) are connected between the contact 105 by conductor 113 with the'contact 97, the contact 98 being connected by conductor 114 with the conductor 115, which connects to the conductor 99. The contacts 103 and 104 and lever 101 are connected by conductor 116 with one terminal of the windin the winding 37. The remainingterminal of the winding 36 connects by conductor 117 with contact 64, andcontact 63 connects by 36 and also with one terminal of.

conductor 118 with conductor 119 which connects with conductor 100. Contact 92 connects by conductor 120 with conductor 116 and, therefore, with contacts 103 and 104. Contact 59 is connected with conductor 115 and contact 60 connects wit-h the remaining terminal of the winding 37.

The operation is as follows: With the switch or circuit breaker in the circuit'closing position as shown in Figs. 1 and 5, if a predetermined electrical condition obtains in the circuit of the magnet coil or winding 34, the armature 34 will be attracted, thereby lifting the member 32 about the pivot 33 to. strike theunder side of the tail 31 of the latch actuator 30, which .will'then strike .upon the top of the latch 27 to disengage it from the roller 28 and thereby unlock the switch or circuit breaker. Thereupon, the spring 24 will contract, the cammember 21 will rotate in acounter-clockwisedirection about its pivot 22 and the bridging member 6 will separate from the main terminals 2 and 3'; thereafter the intermediate metallic shunt contact 14 will separate from its cooperating stationary shunt contact 10, and

finally, the shunt carbon contact. 15 will sep-.

arate from shunt carbon contact 11, where the final break in the circuit of the switch or'circuit breaker occurs and where the final arcing will take place. Accompanying this opening of the switch or circuit breaker, the connecting rod 86 will be raised moving the lever 55 in a counter-clockwise directidn about its pivot 56 bringing the pin 54 approximate the lower end of the slot 53.

in the link :52 and also-"removing the roller 74 from engagement with the member 73. Upon the actuation of. the latch actuator 30 by armature 34, as above described, the rod 42 is not pushed downwardly, because of slot 3*, and, therefore, switch blades 61, 62, 65

Figs. 1 and 2.

When the switch or breaker 1s m closed position as shown in Fig. 1, the circult of the trip coil 36 is complete from positiveconductor 108 through'resistance 109, lamp 110, conductor 116, winding 36, conductor 117, contact 64, switch blade 66, connector 67, switch blade 65, contact 63, conductor 118, conductor 119, to negative conductor 100. The current flowing is, however, limited by lamp 110 (and resistance 109, if present) to so small a value that coil 36 does not produce sufficient magnetism to attract armature 39. If the operator moves the lever 101 to bring the contact 104 into engagement. with contact 106, the resistance 109 and lamp 110 are short circuited, thus allowing a greater current flow through the winding 36, such increased current being sufficient to produce magnetism enough to cause the downward attraction of the armature 39 which communicatesmovement through slotted mcmber42 to latch actuator 30 and to the-latch 27 to unlatch the switch or breaker, which then opens, as previously de-' scribed. And this same downward movement of the armature 39 depresses the rod 83 unlatching the switch blades 61, 62, 65, and 66 from the latching member 77, causing switch blades 65 and 66 to separate from contacts 63 and 64 and to bring switch blades 61 and 62 .into engagement with contacts 59 and under the action ofthe spring 70, the tie member 67 coming into engagement with stop 80. The result is that the circuit of the trip coil 36 is opened at contacts 63 and 64, while the circuit of the actuating or contact 105 to the negative conductor 107,

whereupon the resultant current flowing through the coil 37 causes theupward attraction or movement of the solenoid core 48, the bottom of the slot 53 engaging the pin 54 and rocking the lever 55 in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 1, pulling down on the rod 86 and, therefore, on the member 23, to rock the cam member 21 in a clockwise direction about its pivot 22 thereby forcing the arm 7 toward the left to bring the bridging member 6 into engagement with terminals 2 and 3 and allowing the latch 27 to engage the roller 28 to lock the parts in the position shown in Fig. 1. When the switch or breaker has reached the latched position shown in Fig. 1, the roller 74 on lever 55 has rotated the switch blades 61, 62, and 66 in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Figs. 1 and 2, separating switch blades 61 and 62 from contacts 59 and 60,

and bringing switch blades 65 and-66 into engagement with contacts 63 and 64 in opposition to the spring 70, the latching member 77 being moved forward by its spring 81 to lock the parts in the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This means that the circuit of the actuating or motive coil 37 has been broken at'contacts 59 and 60, while the circuit of the trip coil 36 has been restored at contacts 63 and 64. When coil 37 is thus deenergized, core 48 drops and comes to rest on stirrup 50, and contact 91 separates from contacts 92 and 93.

The switch or circuit breaker being now in open circuit position, if it be desired to close the same again the movement of the operators lever 101 to bring contact; .103 into engagement with contact 105 will produce no result, since, as just stated, the circuit of the actuating coil 37 is open at contacts 59 and 60. It is necessary for the operator to first move his lever 101 to bring contact 104 into engagement with contact 106, which, as before stated, will energize the trip coil 36 causing the downward attraction of the armature 39. Since the switch or circuit breaker is in open position the movementcommunicated to the latch actuator 30 will simply depress the latch 27 and perform no function, since the switch or breaker is in open position. But the downward movement of the armature 39 will depress the rod 83, and, therefore, unlatch the switch blades 61, 62, 65 and 66 from the latching member 77, whereupon the spring 70 will rotate these switch blades to break the circuit of the trip coil 36 at 63 and 64 and to close the circuitv of the operating or actuating solenoid 37 at 59 and 60. The operator having thus first energized the trip coil, he can now close the switch or circuit breaker by moving his lever 101 to bring contact 103 into engagement with contact 105, whereupon the coil 37 will be energized and produce the closure and locking of the switch or breaker, as above described.

It is apparent, therefore, that when the switch or circuit breaker has opened it cannot again be closed until the operator at the switch D first energizes the trip coil 36. In virtue of this construction and operation, it is impossible for-the apparatus to buzz; that is to say, it is impossible, by the operators holding the contacts 103 and 105 in engagement with each other, to cause the closing movement of the switch or breaker, which would immediately fly to open position again provided the predetermined electrical condition in response to which the armature 34 has been attracted, obtains or continues.

lVhen the actuating or motive coil 37 is energized and the upward movement of the solenoid core 48 begins, the pin 51 is removed from engagement with the lever 89 allowing spring '90 to bring bridging contact 91 into engagement with contacts 92 and 93. The result is that the operators switch D is robbed of control of the operating or actuating coil 37 once the operator at switch D has caused the energization of coil 37. In other words, the switch 91, 92, 93 is a localizing switch or a switch which roles the distant switch of control once the closing movement of the switch or circuit breaker has been initiated. This is apparent when inspecting Fig. 5, where it will appear that current will flow from positive conductor 99 through conductor 115, contact 59, switch blade 61, connector 67, switch blade 62, contact 60, winding 37, conductor 120, contact 92, bridging contact 91, contact 93 and by conductor 119 to the negative conductor 100. When the switch or circuit breaker is in closed position, the conductor 96 does not bridge contacts 97 and 98 and, therefore, the circuit from the positive conductor 99 through the lamp 111 is interrupted so that the lamp does not glow. On the other hand, when the switch or circuit breaker is open, contacts 97 and 98 are bridged by conductor 96 and the lamp 111 does glow, indicating at the switch D that the switch or circuit breaker is open or in circuit interrupting position.

When the switch or circuit breaker is closed, the lamp 110 glows at the switch D, indicating that the switch or *ircuit breaker is closed and can be tripped by coil 36. In this case,- current flows from the positive conductor .108 through the lamp 110, conductor 116, winding 36, conductor 117, contact 64, switch blade 66, connector 67, switch blade 65, contact 63, conductor: 118, conductor 119, to the negative conductor 100.

When the lamp 111'is burning or glowand lamp 110. is out, it indicates that the switch or circuit breaker has been opened by the trip coil 36, as distinguished from the case where the breaker has been tripped by its own tripping mechanism. In this case, the circuit breaker is open and, therefore, contacts 97 and 98 are bridged by the conductor 96 completing the circuit through the lamp 111; and the circuit of lamp 110 is open at contacts 63 and 64. 1

Both lamps 110 and 111 burn when the switch or circuit breaker has been tripped by its own tripping mechanism comprising armature 34. In this case, the contacts 97 and 98 are bridged by the conductor-96 causing lamp 111 to glow; and there is a circuit through lamp 110 from conductor 108,

through. conductor 116, winding 36, concoil and motive coil switches remain in the positions shown in Figs. 1 and 5. When both lamps 110 and 111 are dark, it indicates that there is no voltage or current on the network including conductors 99 and 100,

and 107 and 108.

While I have shown electric lamps 110 and 111 as indicating means, it is to be understood that any other type of two indication or position indicating means may be employed; and it is to be understood'that the indicating means, whether lamps or otherwise, may be located at points other than at or approximate the switch D.

\Vhile the buzzing action hereinbefore described is not so likely to occur where the switch or circuit breaker is closed by power derived from an-electric motor (comprising a field and rotating armature), because of the time required for the motor to start and accelerate, yet it is to be understoodthat my invention is not limited to the case where the switch or circuit breaker is actuated or operated by a solenoid or electro-magnet such as here shown comprising winding 37.

It is apparent from the illustration of my invention hereinbefore given, that the op-=' crating or motive coil switch, comprising contacts 59 and 60, is opened and the trip coil switch, comprising contacts 63 and 64, is closed when the circuit breaker or switch is brought to normal or circuit closing position, and that these trip coil and motive coil switches are locked in such position and re main so locked even after the circuit breaker or switch is tripped by its. own tripping.

mechanism and moves to abnormal or open circuit position; and that these two swltches are simultaneously tripped by the trip coil,"

as 36, with resultant opening of the trip coil switch and closing of the motive coil switch. As explained, these two switches are actuated in one direction only upon the closure of the circuit breaker or switch and are responsive in opposite directionto movement in one direction only of the trip coil armature 39. And these trip coil and motive coil switches are not shifted when the circuit Y cuit breaker, same to norma position, a motive 0011 switch for breaking the circuit of said motive C01l' cuit breaker, a coil for tripping said switch or breaker, a motive coil for moving the same to normal position, a motive coil switch for breaking the circuit of said motive coil when saidmain switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position, means for locking said motive coil switch in open position, and means for energizing said tripping coil to unlock said motive coil switch when said main switch or circuit breaker is in abnormal osition.

2. n combination, amain switch or cirmotive coil for moving the when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position, means for locking said motive coil switch in open position, a

coil for unlocking said motive coil switch,-

and a double throw operators switch controlling said coil and said motive coil in succession.

3; In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, a motive coil for moving the same to normal position, a motive coil switch for breaking the circuit of said motive coil when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position, means forlocking said motive coil switch in open position, and a coil for unlocking said motive coil switch and said main switch or circuit breaker.

4. In combination, 'a main switch or circuit breaker-,a motive coil for moving the same to normal position, a motive coil switch, means for opening said'motive coil switch to deenergize said motive coil when said mainswitch or circuit breaker reaches normal position, means for locking said mo tive coil switch in'open, position, a coil for unlocking said motive coil switch, a switch for opening the circuit'of said coil when said motive coil switch is closed, and a double ,throw switch forcontrolling saidcoil and said motive coil in succession. v

5. In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, a motive coil for moving the same to normal position, a motive COll' switch, means for opening said motive coil switch to dencrgize said motive coil when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position, means for locking said motive coil switch in .open position, .a coil for unlocking said motive coil switch and said main switch or circuit breaker, and a switch for opening the circuit of said coil when said motive coil switch is closed.

6. In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, a motive coil for moving the same to normal position, a motive coil switch, means operative in one direction only to move the same to open position when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position, means for locking said motive coil switch in open position, a coil for unlockin said motive coil switch and said main switch or circuit breaker, and means for energizing said coil when said main switch or circuit breaker is in abnormal position.

7. In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, a tripping magnet therefor, a

motive coil for moving said switch or circuit breaker to normal position, a motive coil switch, means operative in one direction only to move the same to open position when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position,means for holding said motive coil switch open when said main switch or circuit breaker opens a coil for tripping said main switch or circuit breaker and for releasing said motive coil switch, and a lost motion connection between the armatures of said tripping magnet and said tripping coil.

8. In combination, a main switch or cirbreaker, a motive coil for moving the same to normal position, a motive coil switch, means operative in one direction only to move the same to open position when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position, means for locking said motive coil switch in open position, a coil for unlockin said motive coil switch, and a double t row switch for controlling said coil and said motive coil in succession.

9. In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, a motive coil for moving the same to normal position, a motive coil switch, means operative in one direction only to move the same to open position when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position, means for locking said motive coil switch in open position, and a coil for unlocking said motive coilswitch and said main. switch, or circuit breaker.

10. In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, a motive coilfor moving the same to normal position, a trip coil, motive coil and trip coil switches movable in definite relation with respect to'each other, and means operative in. one direction on y for openingsaid motive coil switch and c osing said trip coil switch when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position.

11. In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, a motive coil for moving the same to normal position, a trip coil, motive coil and trip coil switches movable in defisaid trip coil switch when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normalposition, and means for locking said motive coil and trip coil switches in open position and closed. position respectively.

12. In combination, a main switch or cirsaid trip coil switch when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position, and means for locking said motive coil and trip coil switches in open position and closed position respectively, said trip coil adapted to unlock said motive coil and .trip coil switches.

13. In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, a motive coil for moving the same to normal position, a trip coil, motive coil and trip coil switches movable in definite relation with respect to each other, means operative in one direction only for opening said motive coil switch and closing said trip coil switch when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position, and means for locking said motive coil and trip coil switches in open position and closed position respectively, said trip coil adapted to unlock said main switch or circuit breaker and said motive coil and trip coil switches.

14. In combination, a main switch or circutit breaker, a motive coil for moving the same to normal position, a trip coil, motive coil and trip coil switches movable in definite relation with respect to each other, means operative in one direction only for opening said motive coil'switch and closing said trip coil switch when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position, and means for locking said motive coil and trip coil switches in open position and closed position respectively, saidf trip coil adapted to unlock said motive coil and trip coil switches when said main switch or circuit breaker 1s in abnormal positlon.

15. In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, a motive coil for moving the same to normal position, a trip coil, motive coil and trip coil switches movable in definite relation with respect to each other, means operative in one direction only for opening said motive coil switch and closing said trip coil switch when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position, and means for locking said motive coil and trip coil switches in opendposition and closed position respectively, sai trip coil adapted to unlock said main switch or circuit breaker and to unlock said motive coil and trip coil switchesiwhen said main switch or circuit breaker is in abnormal position.

cuit breaker, a coil for tripping the same, a switch controlling said coil, and means independent of said main switch for locking said switch in closed position, said coil adapted to unlock its controlling switch.

17; In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, a coil for tripping the same, a sw tch controlling said coil, and means operative-in one direction only :forlclosing' said switch when said \m-ain switch or circuit breaker is moved to normal position.

18. In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, a controlling coil therefor, a switch controlling said coil, means operative in one direction only for closing said switch when said main switch or circuit breaker is moved to normal position, and means for locking said coil controlling switch in closed position.

19. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of an additional trip coil, and a switch controlling said trip coil, said switch controlled by said trip coil but not controlled by said circuit breaker tripping mechanism.

20. The combinationwith a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of an additional trip coil, a switch controlling said't'rip coil,-

and means for-locking said trip coil switch in normal position, said trip coil adapted to unlock said trip coil switch, and said circuit breaker mechanism incapable, of unlocking said trip coil switch.

21. The combination with acircuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of an additional trip coil therefor, (and a'switch controlling the circuit of said trip coil, said trip coil adapted to trip said circuit breaker and to actuate said switch.

22. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of an additional trip coil therefor, a switch, a circuit controlled thereby, said circuit controlling said circuit breaker, said'trip coil adapted to trip said circuit breaker and to control said switch, said switch being independent of control by said circuit breakers, trip-ping mechanism.

reaches normal position, ,means for" locking said motive coil in open position, and an additional trip coil adapted to trip said circuit breaker independently of said circuit breakers tripping mechanism and adapted to unlock said motive coil switch.

24. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of a motive coil for moving the same. to normal position, a

motive coil switch for breaking the circuit of said motive 0011 when said circuit breaker reaches normal. position, means for locking said motive coil in open position, and an additional trip coil adapted to trip said circuit breaker independently of said circuit breakers tripping mechanism and adapted to unlock said motive coil switch, the circuit breakers tripping mechanism being incapable of unlocking said motive coil switch.

25. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of an additional trip coil, a switch controlling said trip coil, a motive coil for actuating said circuit breaker, a motive coil switch, said trip coil switch and said motive coil switch being movable in definite relation with respect to each other, one switch being open when the other is closed, said trip coil adapted to trip said circuit breaker and to control said trip coil and motive coil switches.

26. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of an additional trip coil, a switch controlling said trip coil, a motive coil for actuating said circuit breaker, a motive coil switch, said trip coil switch and said motive coil switch being movable in definite relation with respect to each other, one switch being open when the other is closed, and means for locking said trip coil and motive coil switches, said trip coil adapted to trip said circuit breaker and to unlock said trip coil and motive coil switches.

27. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of an additional trip-coil, a switch controlling said trip coil, a; motive coil for actuating said circuit breaker, a motive coil switch, said trip coil switch and said motive coil switch being movable in definite relation with respect to each other, one switch being open when the other is closed, said trip coil adapted to trip said circuit breaker and to-control said trip coil and motive coil switches, the circuit breakers tripping mechanism being incapable of controlling said trip coil and motive coil switches.

28. The combination/with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of an additional trip coil, a switch controlling said trip coil,

a motive coil for actuating said circuit breaker, a motive coil switch, said trip coil switch and said motive coil switch being movable in definite relation with respect to each other, one switch being open when the other is closed, said trip coil adapted to.

trip said circuit breaker and to control said tr1p coil and motive coil switches, and means 'for locking said trip coil and motive coil switches, said trip coil adapted to trip said circuit breaker and to unlock said trip coil and motive coil switches, said circuit breakers tripping mechanism being incapable of unlocking said trip coil and motive coil switches.

29. The combination with circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism," of a motive coil therefor, an additional trip coil, mo tive coil and trip coil switches, and means for holding the trip coil switch closed and the motive coil switch open when said circuit breaker has been opened by its own tripping mechanism.

30. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping IHGCl'IELIIlSIH Of a motive coil therefor, a coil for tripping said circuit breaker, a motive coil switch held open when said circuit breaker is open, and means controlled by said tripping coil for closing said motive coil switch, whereby to close the circuit breaker, said tripping coil must be energized before the motive coil can be energized. v

31. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of a motive coil therefor, a coil' for tripping said circuit breaker, motive coil and tripping coil switches held open and closed respectively when said circuit breaker is open, said tripping coil adapted to cause the closure of the motive coil switch and the opening of the tripping coil switch, whereby to close the circuit breaker the tripping coil must be energized before the motive coil can be energized.

32. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of a motive coil therefor, an additional trip coil for said circuit breaker, a motive coil switch and a trip coil switch, said motive coil switch held open and said .trip'coil switch held closed after said circuit breaker is tripped by its own tripping mechanism, said trip coil adapted to cause the closure of the motive coil switch and the opening of the trip coil switch.

33. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of a motive coiltherefor, a motive coil switch for opening the circuit of the motive coil when the circuit breaker reaches normal position, means for holding the motive coil switch open when said circuit breaker is tripped by its own tripping mechanism, a coil adapt ed to release said motive coil switch to reestablish tlie circuit of said motive coil,-and a double throw switch for controlling said control and motive coils in succession.

84. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of a motive coil therefor, a motive coil switch for opencircuit breaker reaches normal position,

means for holding the motive coil. switchv open when said circuit breaker is tripped by its-own tripping mechanism, and a trip.

coil adapted to trip said circuit breaker and release said motive coil switch to reestablish the circuit of said motive coil.

85. The combination with a switch, of amotive coil for moving said switch to normal position, a coil for tripping said switch, said motive coil actuating said switch in one direction only, and means necessitating the energization' of said trip coil before said motive coil can be energized.

36. The combination with a main switch,

of a motive coil for moving said main switch to normal position, a trip coil for said main switch, said motive coil actuating said main switch in one direction only, an operators switch controlling said motive and trip coils, and means preventing energization of said motive coil through said operators switch until said trip coil has been energized.

p 37. The combination with a main switch or circuit breaker and its own tripping mechanism responsive to a predetermined electrical condition in a circuit, of a motive coil for moving said main'switch or circuit breaker to normal position, an additional trip coil, and means necessitating the energization of said additional trip coil before said motive coil can be energized.

38. The combination with a main switch or circuit breaker and its own tripping mech-- anism responsive to a predetermined electrical condition in a circuit, of a motive coil for moving said main switch or circuit breaker to normal position, an additional trip coil, an operators switch controlling said trip and motive coils, and means preventing energization of said motive coil through said operators switch until said trip coil has been first energized. I

39. In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, a motive coil therefor, a trip coil, an operators switch, a single conductor extending from said operators switch to said trip and motive coils and simultaneously in communication with a terminal of each of said coils, the remaining terminal of the trip coil associated with one side of a control circuit, and the remaining terminal of the motive coil associated with the other side of said control circuit.

40. In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, a motive coil therefor, a trip coil, an operators switch, a single conductor extending from said operators switch to said trip and motive coils, the remaining terminal of the .trip coil associated with one side of a control circuit, the remaining terminal of the motive coil associated with the other side of said control circuit, and trip coil and motive coil switches controlling said motive coil and trip coil respectively, said motive coil and trip coil switches being controlled by said trip coil. I I

41. In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, a motive coil therefor, a trip coil, an operators switch controlling said motive and trip coils, and motive coil and trip coil switches controlled by said trip coil, said motive coil switch being open when the trip coil switch is closed.

42. The combination witha main switch;

for breaking the circuit of said motive coil when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position, means for looking said motive coil switch in open position, a coil for unlocking said motive coil switch, an operators switch controlling said coils, and a single conductor connecting said oper ators switch with said coils.

44. In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, a motive coil for moving the same to normal position, a motive coil switch for breaking the circuit of said motive coil when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position, means for locking said motive coil switch in open position, a coil for unlocking said motive coil switch and said main switch or circuit breaker, and an operators switch controlling said coils.

45. In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, a motive coil for moving the same to normal position, a motive coil switch for breaking the circuit of said motive coil when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position, means for locking said motive coil switch in open position, a coil for unlockin said motive coil switch and said main swltch or circuit breaker, an operators switch controlling said coils, and a single conductor connecting said operators switch with said coils.

46. In combination, a main switch or circuitbreaker, a motive coil for moving the same to normal position, a motive coil switch, means for opening said motive coil switch to deenergize said motive coil when,

said main. switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position, means for locking said motive coil switch in open position, a coil for unlocking said motive coil switch, a switch for opening the circuit of said coil when said motive coil switch is closed, and a double throw operators switch controlling said coils in succession. 1 I

47. In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, amotive coil for moving the same to normal position, a motive coil switch, means for opening said motive coil switch to deenergiz'e said motive'coil when said. main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position, means for locking said motive coil switch in open position, a coil for unlocking said motive coil switch, a switch for opening the circuit of said coil when said motive coil switch is closed, an operators switch controlling said coils, and a single conductor connecting said operators switch with said coils.

48. In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, a motive coil for moving the same to normal position, a motive coil switch, means operative in one direction only'to move the same to open position when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position, means for locking said motive coil switch'in open position, and a double throw operators switch controlling said motive coil and said locking means in succession.

49. In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, a motive coil for-moving the same to normal position, a motive coil switch, means operative in one direction only to move the same to open position when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position, means for locking said motive coil switch in open position, a coil for unlocking said motive coil switch, and a double throw operators switch controlling said coils in succession.

50. In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, a motive coil for moving the same to normal position, a motive coil switch, means operative in one direction 3 $01113 to move the same to open position when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal positlon, means for locking said motive 0011 switch in open position, a

coil for unlocking said motive coil switch,

sman operators switch controlling said coils,

and a single conductor connecting said operators switch with said coils.

51. In combination, a main switch 01' circuit breaker, a motive coil for moving the 40 isame to normal position, a coil for tripping said switch or circuit breaker, motive coil and tripping coil switches movable in definitc relation with respect to each other, means operative in one direction only for opening said motive coil switch and closing said tripping coil switch when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position, and an operators switch for controlling said motive and tripping coils.

52. In combination, a main switch or circuit breaker, amotive coil for moving the same to normal position, a trip coil, motive coil and trip coil switches movable in defi nite relation with respect to each other, means operative in one direction only for opening said motive coil switch and closing said trip coil switch when said main switch or circuit breaker reaches normal position,

an operators switch for controlling said motive and trip coils, anda single conduc-' tor connecting said operators switch with said tri and motive coils.

53. T e combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of an additional trip coil, a switch controlling said trip coil, said switch controlled by said trip coil but not controlled by said circuit breaker tripping mechanism, and an operators switch controlling the circuit of said additional trip coil and its said controlling switch.

54. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of an additional trip coil, :1 switch controlling said trip coil, means for locking said trip coil switch in normal position, said trip coil adapted to unlock said trip coil switch, said circuit breaker mechanism incapable of unlocking said trip coil switch, and an operators switch controlling the circuit of said additional trip coil.

55. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of an additional trip co-il therefor, a switch, a circuit controlled thereby, said circuit controlling said circuit breaker, said trip coil adapted to trip said circuit breaker and to actuate said switch, said switch being independent-of control by said circuit breakers tripping mechanism, and an operators iswitch controlling thecircuit of said additional trip coil.

56. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of an additional trip coil therefor, a switch controlling the circuit of said trip coil, said trip coil adapted to trip said circuit breaker and to actuate said switch, said switch being independent of control by said circuit breakers tripping mechanism, and an operators switch controlling the circuit of said additional trip coil.

57. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of an additional trip coil, a switch controlling said trip coil, said switch controlled by said trip coil but not controlled by said circuit breaker tripping mechanism, a motive coil for said circuit breaker, and an operators switch controlling said additional trip coil and said motive coil.

58. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of an additional trip coil therefor, a switch, a circuit controlled thereby, said circuit controlling said circuit breaker, said trip coil adapted to trip said circuit breaker and to control said switch, said switch being independent of control by said circuit breakers tripping mechanism, a motive coil for operating said circuit breaker, and an operators switch controlling said motive coil and said additional trip coil.

59. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of an additional trip coil, a switch controlling said trip coil, a motive coil for actuating said circuit breaker, a motivecoil switch, said trip coil switch and said motive coil switch being movable in definite relation with respect to each other, one switch being open when theother is closed, said trip coil adapted to tripsaid circuit breaker and to con trol said trip coil and motive coil switches, and an operators switch controlling said additional trip coil and said motive coil.

60. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of a motive coil therefor, a control coil, a motive coil switchheld open when said circuit breaker is open, means controlled by said control coil for closing said motive coil switch, whereby to close the circuit breaker the control coil must be energized before the motive coil can be energized, and a doube throw operators switch for controlling said motive coil and said control coil in succession.

61. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of a motive coil therefor, a control coil, a motive coil switch held open when said circuit breaker is open,

meanscontrolled by said. control coil for closing said motive coil switch, whereby to close the circuit breaker the control coil must be energized before the motive coil can be energized, an operators switch for controlling said motive coil and said control coil, and a singleconductor connecting said operators switch with said motive coil and said control coil.

62. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of a motive coil therefor, a control coil, motive coil and control coil switches held open and closed res )ectivel y when said circuit breaker is open,

Slltl control coil adapted to cause the closure of the motive coil switch and the opening of the control coil switch, whereby to close the circuit breaker the control coil must be energized before the motive coil can be energized, and a double throw operators switch for controlling said motive coil and said control coil in succession.

63. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of a motive coil therefor, a control coil, motive coil and control coil switches held open and, closed respcctively when said circuit breaker is open,

said control coil adapted to cause the clo-' sure of the motive coil switch and the opening of the control coilswitch, whereby to close the circuit breaker thecontrol coil mus be energized before the motive coil can be energized, an operators switch for controlling said motive coil and'said control coil, and a single conductor connecting said operators switch with said motive coil and said control coil. I

64. The combination with a circuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of a motive coil therefor, a motive coil switch for opening the circuit of the motive coil when the circuit breaker reaches normal position, means for holding the motive coil switch open when said circuit breaker is tripped by its own tripping mechanism, a trip coil adapted to trip said circuit breaker and release said motive coil switch to reestablish the circuit of said motive coil, and an operlators switch controlling said motive coil and Said trip coil.

i (35. The combination with acircuit breaker and its tripping mechanism, of a motive coil therefor, a motive coil switch for opening the circuit of the motive coil when the circuit breaker reaches normal position, means for holding the motive coil switch open when said circuit breaker is tripped by its own tripping mechanism, a trip coil adapted to trip said circuit breaker and release said motive coil switch to reestablish the circuit 'of-said motive coil,'an operators switch controlling said motive coil and said trip coil, and a single conductor connecting said operatorsswitch with said trip coil and said motive coil. 7 r

66. The combination with a main switch and the movable member thereof, of a 1110 tive coil for. controlling thesame, a trip coil for said main switch, a motive coil switch, a trip coil switch, means movable in definite relation with the movable member of said main switchfor actuating said motive coil and trip coil switches, and means for locking said motive coil and trip coil switches inopen and closed' positions respectively.

67. The combination with a main switch and the movable member thereof, of a motive coil for controlling the same, a trip coil for said main switch, a motive coil switch, a trip coil switch, means movable in definite relation with the movable member of said main switch for actuating said mo tive coil and trip coil switches, and means for locking said motive coil and trip coil switches in open and closed positions respectively, said trip coil when energized -two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM" M. sco'r'r.

\Vitnesses:

J Arms H. VVYA'rr, A. E. STEINBOGK. 

